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Review Papers | Ophthalmology | India | Volume 14 Issue 3, March 2025 | Rating: 5.5 / 10
Current Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: A Comprehensive Review
Dr. Mohan Kumar, Dr. Praveen Kumar, Dr. Pranav Kumar, Dr. Sangeetha Raja
Abstract: Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO), a manifestation of varicella-zoster virus reactivation affecting the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, presents significant challenges in ophthalmological practice. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on the diagnosis, management, and prevention of HZO. The clinical presentation typically involves unilateral dermatomal pain and vesicular rash, with potential sight-threatening complications when ocular structures are involved. Early initiation of antiviral therapy within 72 hours of rash onset remains the cornerstone of treatment, with options including oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir. Management strategies encompass pain control, prevention of complications, and specific interventions for ocular manifestations. Recent advances in vaccination, particularly the recombinant zoster vaccine, have shown remarkable efficacy in preventing HZO, with a 97% reduction in disease incidence among immunocompetent individuals over 50 years. This review emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis, appropriate therapeutic intervention, and preventive measures in reducing the burden of HZO and its complications. Understanding current treatment protocols, recognizing clinical presentations, and implementing effective management strategies are crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
Keywords: Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Antiviral Therapy, Ocular Complications, Zoster Vaccine, Clinical Management
Edition: Volume 14 Issue 3, March 2025,
Pages: 1096 - 1099