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Case Studies | Medicine | India | Volume 13 Issue 5, May 2024 | Rating: 4.6 / 10

A Rare Case of Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Presented with Lower Limb Weakness and Blurring of Vision

Dr Parth Marakana | Dr Rahul Gambhur | Dr Pratik Bhadoriya

Abstract: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune condition primarily affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord. While typically associated with the presence of aquaporin - 4 antibodies (AQP4 - IgG), a subset of patients present as seronegative. Here, we report a case of a 54 - year - old male presenting with bilateral lower limb weakness and blurred vision, ultimately diagnosed with seronegative NMOSD. Clinical examination revealed characteristic findings including optic disc edema and asymmetric limb weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI monstrated features consistent with acute optic neuritis andand longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein levels, while serological tests for AQP4 - IgG and MOG antibodies were negative. Plasmapheresis was initiated, leading to gradual improvement in symptoms. This case underscores the importance of considering NMOSD in patients presenting with atypical neurological symptoms, even in the absence of seropositivity for aquaporin - 4 antibodies. Continued research is necessary to ter understand and manage seronegative NMOSD cases.

Keywords: Neuromyelitis Optica, Spectrum Disorder, Lower Limb

Edition: Volume 13 Issue 5, May 2024,

Pages: 447 - 448