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Review Papers | Public Health | India | Volume 13 Issue 5, May 2024 | Rating: 5 / 10
Overview of the Effectiveness of Dietary Modification and the Role of Andrographis Paniculata in Obese Diabetic Patients
Dr. Anil Verma, Dr. Subhash Chandra Yadav
Abstract: The escalating global prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a critical public health issue, contributing significantly to global morbidity and mortality rates. These interrelated conditions necessitate effective management strategies that address both metabolic dysfunctions and excess body weight. This review explores the effectiveness of dietary modifications, including carbohydrate management, protein intake, fat management, and caloric restriction, in the management of obese diabetic patients. It also examines the potential role of Andrographis paniculata, an herb known for its anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties, as a supplementary therapy. Dietary modifications are fundamental in managing obesity and T2DM, offering significant benefits in glycemic control and weight management. Carbohydrate management focuses on consuming complex carbohydrates and high-fiber foods to stabilize blood sugar levels. Adequate protein intake preserves muscle mass and promotes satiety, while healthy fats improve lipid profiles and reduce cardiovascular risk. Personalized caloric restriction facilitates weight loss and enhances insulin sensitivity. Andrographis paniculata, particularly its bioactive component andrographolide, has demonstrated mechanisms that enhance glucose uptake and metabolism, reduce inflammation, and improve lipid profiles. Andrographolide increases GLUT4 expression and translocation in muscle cells, stimulates the PKC pathway for glucose transport and metabolism, and activates the AMPK pathway to enhance glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation. Animal studies have shown that andrographolide improves glucose tolerance, reduces hyperglycemia, and mitigates diabetes- related complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy. The integration of dietary modifications and Andrographis paniculata presents a comprehensive approach to managing obesity and T2DM by addressing both metabolic dysfunctions and inflammatory processes. This review underscores the need for further research, including extensive clinical trials and mechanistic studies, to validate the benefits of Andrographis paniculata and optimize its application in clinical practice. Understanding the long-term effects of these integrated therapies on metabolic health, quality of life, and diabetes-related complications is crucial. Effective implementation strategies, including patient education, support systems, and healthcare professional training, are essential for translating these findings into real-world clinical practice. This review highlights the potential of a multifaceted approach combining dietary modifications and natural supplements to effectively manage obesity and T2DM, offering a promising strategy to address these pervasive health challenges.
Keywords: Obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Dietary modifications, Andrographis paniculata, Andrographolide, Insulin sensitivity, Glycemic control, Protein intake, Fat management, Caloric restriction, Clinical trials, Mechanistic studies, GLUT4 expression, AMPK pathway
Edition: Volume 13 Issue 5, May 2024
Pages: 1744 - 1748