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Case Studies | Nursing | India | Volume 12 Issue 1, January 2023 | Popularity: 5 / 10

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Effectiveness of Multicomponent Intervention Programme on Dysphagia among Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer

Suhaibath K, Smitha P V

Abstract: Head and neck cancer incidence is rising in both developing countries, due to the increased exposure to tobacco smoking and alcohol as well as in developed countries it is due to the spreading of high - risk serotypes of human papillomaviruses.1 The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has estimated that approximately 0.20 - 0.25 million new head and neck cancer patients are diagnosed every year, and this constitutes about 30% of all incident cancers.2 The present study investigated the effectiveness of multicomponent intervention programme on dysphagia among patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer attending Radiation Oncology Outpatient Department at Govt. Medical College Hospital, Kottayam. Aquantitative research approach with quasi experimental pretest post test control group design was used for the study. The study was theoretically supported by Betty Neuman?s system model. A total of 52 patients, 26 each in the control and experimental group, were selected for the study using non probability purposive sampling technique. The data were collected with socio personal and clinical data sheet and Eating Assessment Tool (EAT - 10). Pretest was done on the 2ndday of radiation therapy, control group received routine care and experimental group received multicomponent intervention programme. The Multicomponent intervention programme consisted of computer assisted teaching programme of 10 minutes duration regarding radiation therapy and related care measures (side effects and oral care measures), demonstration and return demonstration of swallowing exercises. Patients on radiation therapy had to perform the exercise under the supervision of the investigator for 3 consecutive days, 30 minutes prior to radiation therapy and patient had to continue it 5 times per day for 28 days. Post tests were conducted for the control and experimental groups on the 14th (day 18) and 21st (day 29) days of radiation therapy. The result of the study revealed that multicomponent intervention programme had a significant effect on reducing dysphagia (p < 0.05) among patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer.

Keywords: Dysphagia, Radiation Therapy, Head and Neck Cancer

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 1, January 2023

Pages: 739 - 741

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR23114002116

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