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Review Papers | Genetics | India | Volume 12 Issue 2, February 2023 | Popularity: 5.6 / 10
A Study on the Usage of Medications that Interact with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes along with their Efficacy and Side Effects, in the Treatment of Breast Cancer Mutations
Isha Goswami, Saiful Quamar Khan
Abstract: Background and Objectives: The genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are crucial for repairing damaged DNA and preventing the development of cancers. It is known that certain gene mutations enhance the risk of getting some cancers, particularly breast and ovarian cancer. Drug interactions directly with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are not well understood, however some medications may be more or less effective in people who have mutations in these genes. The article includes all medications with the potential to interact with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, causing undesirable side effects and drug - induced mutations, as well as medications used to treat breast cancer brought on by a mutation in these genes. Method: We looked for articles published on the strategies for treating substance use disorder in PubMed, Drug - Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb), DrugBankand Google Scholar. We also included quantitative studies of patients receiving breast cancer therapy from community hospitals through different journals. Results: A total of 32 articles are identified of which 22 were full - text reviews, 8 case studies were included and 2 were editorial letters. In which about 17 were on drugs interacting with BRCA1 gene and their adverse effects and treatment regimen and 17 included on drugs interacting with BRCA2 gene and their adverse effects and treatment regimen in breast cancer. It has been found that around 97 drugs have listed to be interacting with BRCA1 gene out of which only few shows clinical application and around 25 drugs have a potential to interact with BRCA2 genes with application to treat breast cancer. Conclusion and Interpretation: The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes produce proteins that aid in preventing the development of cancers. These genes can be efficiently interacted with by a medication that is used to treat breast cancer. The most commonly utilised pharmacological classes include Immunosuppressants, Hypoxia - Activated Prodrugs (HAP), Alkylating Agents (Cyclohexenes), ATR Inhibitors, and PARP Inhibitors. Additionally, it has been discovered that using oral contraceptives increases the risk of breast cancer because these drugs have been shown to alter the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
Keywords: BRCA1, Mutation, Breast Cancer, BRCA2, Pharmacogenomics
Edition: Volume 12 Issue 2, February 2023
Pages: 1042 - 1046
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