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Comparative Studies | Radiology and Medical Imaging Sciences | India | Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023 | Popularity: 5.4 / 10

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Role of HRCT in Interstitial Lung Disease and its Spectrum: A Study of 100 Patients

Dr. Dharmesh Baldaniya, Dr. Mihir Joshi, Dr. Nandini Bahri, Dr. Ekta Vadher

Abstract: Background: The spectrum of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) has mainly been reported from the developed countries; data from developing countries is sparse and conflicting. Rise in incidence of ILDs been noted in India due to pollution, certain drugs and radiational factors. The aim of this study is to describe the distribution of various ILDs from a developing country and show the role of HRCT in diagnosis of ILDs. HRCT scan of 100 patients symptoms and conventional radiographs suspective of interstitial lung disease were analyzed and findings of HRCT were correlated with relevant clinical history/investigations pertaining to patient?s complaint and was evaluated for diagnosis from the case records/registers. A total of 100 subjects, majority of patients in our study group belonged to 6th and 7th decade (30 %). With males more commonly affected as compared to females enrolled between January 2020 to August 2021. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) were the most common interstitial lung disease (ILD) (70%) followed by Unclassifiable (10%). Among the IIPs, UIP/IPF is the most common pattern (57%) followed by NSIP (24%) and CPFE (8%). Collagen vascular disease related ILDs (CVD-ILDs), Lymphangitic carcinomatosis (LAC), sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) are equally prevalent (4-5%). Cystic ILDs such as Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) are least common ILDs (2%). Least common IIP include the RB-ILD. Chronic breathlessness (79%) followed by cough (68%) was the most common symptom and the most common finding revealed on physical examination is clubbing in extremities (60%). Among 100 patients with abnormal HRCT findings suggestive of ILDs, 69 patients had abnormal radiographs. IPF was the most common ILDs seen in our study which was not in line with studies conducted in other countries, reasons for which might need further emphasis. Since HRCT is the radiological imaging technique that most closely reflects changes in lung structure, it is the method of choice for the diagnostic work-up of patients with known or suspected DILD. The combination of the various HRCT findings, together with their anatomical distribution, can suggest the most likely diagnosis. HRCT can confirm the location, extent of disease, assessing the disease reversibility. Therefore, HRCT is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis and follow?up of the cases of Interstitial lung diseases.

Keywords: HRCT, Interstitial Lung Disease in Gujarat, Chest X-Ray, Ground Glass Opacity, Honeycombing

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023

Pages: 460 - 464

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR23305124031

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