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Research Paper | Medical Science | India | Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023 | Popularity: 4.9 / 10

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An Observational Study on Etiological, Clinical and Prognostic Profile in Acute Kidney Injury Patients Admitted in an Intensive Care Unit

Dr. Mopuri Sravanthi, Dr. Vishnu Anjan Nareddy, Dr. Reddy Praveen

Abstract: Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt (1 to 7 days) and sustained (more than 24 hours) decline in kidney function, which includes both anatomical and functional impairment, resulting in retention of nitrogenous and other waste products, dysregulation of fluid, electrolyte and acid - base homeostasis1. AKI is basically preventable to a large extent and is potentially reversible if diagnosed and treated early. The present study was done with an intention of evaluating etiological, clinical and prognostic profile in AKI patients admitted in ICU. Thereby, improving early diagnosis, treatment and outcome. Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted in the intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital to study the etiological, clinical and prognostic profile in acute kidney injury patients. Purposive sampling method was done and a total of 180 patients were included in this study which was performed over 18 months from January 2020 to July 2021. Results: In ICU, AKI is skewed towards male, and most common in elderly patients. Prognosis is poor when associated with co morbid conditions. Most common aetiologies were sepsis and MODS (multi organ dysfunction syndrome) which resulted in poorer outcome. Mortality rate among AKI was in increasing trend from risk to failure. The RIFLE criterion was found to be a good predictor for recovery of renal function. Conclusion: AKI attributes to major cause of morbidity, mortality and financial burden worldwide in developing countries. Many prospective and retrospective studies showed that the incidence of AKI is rapidly increasing, particularly among patients admitted in intensive care unit. Significant associations were noted between age, comorbid conditions, clinical presentations and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, MODS, sepsis

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023

Pages: 1037 - 1040

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR23308155533

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