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Research Paper | Obstetrics and Gynecology | India | Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023 | Popularity: 5 / 10

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A Retrospective Study of Ectopic Pregnancies in a Rural Tertiary Care Centre

Dr. K. Mounika, Dr. Keshav G, Dr. Zayed Shaik

Abstract: Background: Medical professionals frequently encounter Ectopic Pregnancy (EP), a life - threatening emergency whose diagnosis is frequently missed. To avoid mortality and morbidity, every woman in the reproductive age group who exhibits lower abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding must be suspected of having an ectopic pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a rural tertiary care hospital at PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, AP, India. All patients who were diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy between January 2021 and December 2022in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were included in the study. Results: During the two - year study period, among the 5273 pregnancies, 24 cases of ectopic pregnancy were detected, with an incidence of 4.55/1000 pregnancies. Most of the women were aged 25 - 30 years (41.66%), and 83.3% of women were multiparous. The two most prevalent risk factors were pelvic surgery in 13 cases (54.16%) followed by prior abortion in 10 cases (41.6%). Among pelvic surgery, 10 cases had undergone prior LSCS (41.6%), one case had undergone abdominal tubectomy (4.16%), one case had undergone salpingectomy for prior ruptured ectopic pregnancy (4.16%) and one case had undergone recanalization (4.16%). It was concluded in our study that as the number of pelvic surgeries increased, there is a subsequent increase in the risk of ectopic pregnancy. The traditional triad of lower abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding was present in 7 cases (29.16%). For all cases, urine pregnancy tests showed positive results (100 %).21 out of 24 (87.5%) were ectopic tubal pregnancies. Four patients (16.66%) benefited from medical management with methotrexate alone. Blood transfusion was necessary for 11 individuals (45.8%). There were no cases of mortality in the study. Conclusion: Identifying the risk factors, with a high suspicion index and a good clinical acumen aided with ultrasonography and early intervention can reduce the morbidity and mortality due to ectopic pregnancy.

Keywords: Ectopic pregnancy, Amenorrhoea, Maternal mortality, Risk factors, Tubal pregnancy, Ultrasonography, Vaginal bleeding

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023

Pages: 605 - 608

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR23313105902

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