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Research Paper | Medicine | India | Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023 | Popularity: 5.2 / 10

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Value of Contrast Enhanced CT in Detecting Active Haemorrhage in Patients with Blunt Abdominal or Pelvic Trauma

Tapan Pandey, Jahanvi Singh, Sumedh Meshram, Ashish Asutkar

Abstract: Objectives-To evaluate the use of contrast enhanced CT to show sites of active haemorrhage as a guide for surgical or angiographic treatment in patients sustaining blunt abdominal or pelvic trauma. Place-Department of Radiodiagnosis, MGIMS Sevagram. Materials and methods-25 CT scans were reviewed to compare the location of extravasated contrast material (haemorrhage) detected on CT with the sites of active haemorrhage determined by surgery (fifteen) and angiography (five). The five remaining patients had no additional study done. The attenuation of extravasated contrast on CT was compared with CT attenuation of adjacent artery. Attenuation of clotted blood within the abdomen or pelvis was also measured. Results-The location of extravasation of contrast material as shown on CT scan included the spleen (seven), pelvis (six), retroperitoneum (four), kidney (four), liver (two) and adrenal gland (one). One patient had venous extravasation. The origin of bleeding was confirmed in all cases to correspond to the anatomic region of extravasated contrast on CT. The CT attenuation of active haemorrhage ranged from 75 to 350 HU (Mean 144 HU). Clotted blood revealed CT attenuation range of 45 to 65 HU (Mean 55), significantly differing from values of active haemorrhage. Conclusion-Active extravasation of contrast material can be distinguished from clotted blood by measuring CT attenuation. CT accurately shows the anatomical location of bleeding and indicates the probable vascular origin.

Keywords: Haemorrhage, Contrast extravasation, Computed Tomography, CT attenuation, Trauma

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 3, March 2023

Pages: 1526 - 1532

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR23325014018

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