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Research Paper | Nursing | India | Volume 12 Issue 7, July 2023 | Popularity: 5.7 / 10

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Prevalence of Non - Communicable Diseases and its Associated Factors among Adults in Selected Offices of Guwahati, Kamrup (M) Assam: A Descriptive Study

Krittika Chakraborty, Dr. Bijaya Thongam

Abstract: Background: Non - communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the major health problem and increasing challenges of the 21st century. It has become the leading cause of both mortality and morbidity in a universal coverage, in terms of both human suffering and the harm they impose on the socioeconomic development of the countries, particularly in the low and middle - income countries. Moreover NCDs among working adult groups can lead to limited ability to work, high health care costs and financial insecurity. The development of risk factors and mortality rate due to NCDs not only increases with aging but also due to several factors like behavioral factors, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excess consumption of alcohol and unhealthy diet. It is therefore important to examine the prevalence of non - communicable diseases along with the various factors associated with it, in a developing country like India. Objective: 1) To assess the prevalence of non - communicable diseases (Hypertension, Obesity and Diabetes) among adults in selected offices of Guwahati, Kamrup (M) Assam. 2) To explore the associated factors of non - communicable diseases (Hypertension, Obesity and Diabetes) among adults in selected offices of Guwahati, Kamrup (M) Assam. 3) To find out the distribution of prevalence of non - communicable diseases (Hypertension, Obesity and Diabetes) among adults with selected demographic variables in selected offices of Guwahati, Kamrup (M) Assam. 4) To identify the distribution of non - communicable diseases (Hypertension, Obesity and Diabetes) with associated factors in selected offices of Guwahati, Kamrup (M) Assam. Methods: A descriptive survey research design was used in this study to accomplished the objectives. Convenience sampling technique was used for obtaining adequate sample for the study. Study was undertaken on 150 sample of adults in selected offices of Guwahati, Kamrup (M), Assam. Respondents were selected on the basis of inclusive and exclusive criteria. BP apparatus, glucometer, weighing scale, measuring tape and semi - structured questionnaires adapted from modified WHO STEP wise approach were used as tool for the study. Results: Study findings showed that the majority i. e.56.0% were Obese, with mean score of Body Mass Index 25.72?3.62.55.33% were Hypertensive with mean score of systolic BP 138.53?18.76, and diastolic BP 86.12?12.08 and only 18% were Diabetic with mean score of Random Blood Glucose 131.03?46.27. It was found that the adults were exposed to various associated factors for NCDs with smoking, alcohol intake, physical inactivity being the most prevalent associated factors in this study. Physical inactivity was the most common in hypertension, obesity and diabetes. Alcoholism was also the second most common associated factors in both hypertension and obesity. Conclusion: Study found that shows that, the prevalence of obesity was 84 (56%) followed by hypertension i. e.83 (55.33%) and lastly diabetes i. e.27 (18%). It was seen that the adults at the selected offices are exposed to various associated factors for NCDs with smoking, alcohol intake, physical inactivity being the most prevalent associated factors in this study. Nursing can make enormous contribution to this battle against developing the associated factors of NCDs by mainly focusing on urgent need to work out community based interventions at different levels including health promotion, prevention, early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. Nursing organizations need to provide standardized intervention for NCDs problem at the local level and procedures and guidelines that will fit the population in their context. Thus, population specific health promotion interventions centered on public health interests is recommended to reduce in developing the risk factors of NCDs.

Keywords: Non - Communicable diseases, World Health Organization, Body Mass Index, Random Blood Sugar, Disability Adjusted Life - Years

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 7, July 2023

Pages: 807 - 816

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR23710151039

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