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Research Paper | Health and Medical Sciences | Nigeria | Volume 12 Issue 8, August 2023 | Popularity: 5 / 10

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Ameliorative Effects of the Methanol Extract of Phyllantus amarus on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Toxicity in Mice

Oluwadunni Joan Okwulu, Ibrahim Lawal, Abraham Mainaji Amlogu

Abstract: The liver performs some roles in carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism which includes the synthesis as well as degradation; production of clotting factors, as well as red blood cell production. It is part of the mononuclear phagocyte system which contains high numbers of Kupffer cells that are involved in immune activity. When toxicity sets in the aforementioned becomes alerted and ultimately affects physiological functions leading to various diseases. About 300g of Phyllantus amarus was collected from Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The leaves were air dried under shed before homogenized to fine powder using Laboratory Hammer mill. Extraction was done using 100% methanol and the extract obtained using rotatory evaporator. The animals were grouped into 6 with each group having 6 albino mice. Group 1 served as normal control received distill water orally for 14 days, Group 2 received cyclophosphamide 250mg/kg ip only, Group 3 received cyclophosphamide 250mg/kg ip before Sylimarin 100mg/kg after 24h, Group 4 received Cyclophoshamide 250mg/kg ip before MPAM 100mg/kg after 24h, Group 5 received cyclophosphamide 250mg/kg ip before MPAM 300mg/kg after 24h and group 6 received cyclophosphamide 250mg/kg before MPAM 900mg/kg after 24h for 14 days. On day 14, animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from the heart in to plained bottles for the determination of biochemical parameters. The methanol extract of Phyllantus amarus at 100mg/kg and 300mg/kg were able to decrease (P<0.01) the level of CRT, 300mg/kg only reduced (P<0.05) the level of ALP, 100mg/kg and 300mg/kg decreased (P<0.05) AST level when compared to the Cyclophosphamide group. The 900mg/kg showed increase in the level of all the biomarkers and there was no significance difference in the T. Pro when compared to the toxic group (Fig 2). There was no significance difference in the level of the biomarkers in both 100mg/kg and 300mg/kg when compared with the Sylimarin group except with AST at 300mg/kg where there was increase P (<0.01) while at 900mg/kg there was increase (P<0.0010) in the level of T. Bil, D. Bil, CRT, ALT.

Keywords: Phyllantus amarus, Cyclophosphamide, toxicity, mice, methanol extract

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 8, August 2023

Pages: 1492 - 1497

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