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Narrative Review | Pharmacotherapeutics | India | Volume 13 Issue 12, December 2024 | Popularity: 5 / 10
From Pen to Pain: Exploring the Challenges of Writer's Cramp with Treatment - A Narrative Study
Mustaq Ahmed, Dhanya T Bappanad
Abstract: Introduction: Writer's Cramp (WC) is a prevalent yet enigmatic form of dystonia, characterized by co-contraction of antagonist muscles during writing, alongside involuntary flexion or extension of fingers and/or wrist. Methodology: This study employed a narrative review approach utilizing articles sourced from Google Scholar. The search parameters were restricted to articles published from 2015 until the conclusion of 2023. Discussion: With a prevalence ranging from 3.8 to 80 per million individuals, WC is considered an orphan disease, typically manifesting around the age of 38. It falls under the umbrella of dystonia, which are broadly categorized into primary and secondary forms based on etiology. Primary dystonia, often genetically influenced or of unknown cause, are further classified by age of onset. Childhood-onset dystonia typically begin in lower limbs and spread, while adult-onset dystonia usually initiates in the upper body and may spread depending on the site of onset. While the basal ganglia have long been implicated in the pathogenesis of dystonia, establishing a direct relationship between dysfunction within this brain region and dystonic symptoms remains challenging. Some studies suggest a deficit of dopamine in the basal ganglia may contribute to dystonia development. Nevertheless, neurosurgical interventions targeting the thalamus and globus pallidus have shown promise in alleviating symptoms, highlighting the intricate neural circuitry involved. Summarizing current treatment options for WC, including pharmacotherapy, botulinum toxin injections, physical therapy, and neurosurgical interventions. Conclusion: This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of WC, shedding light on its clinical characteristics, and ongoing efforts on its treatment Understanding these complexities is crucial for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the management of this debilitating condition. Future prospective: This article synthesizes current knowledge on WC, focusing on its epidemiology, clinical presentation, and its treatment. The scope of an article on Writer's Cramp (WC) encompasses various aspects related to the disorder, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding on its treatment.
Keywords: writer's cramp, dystonia, Botulinum toxin
Edition: Volume 13 Issue 12, December 2024
Pages: 1 - 4
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR241128091844
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