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Research Paper | Nursing | India | Volume 13 Issue 3, March 2024 | Popularity: 5.5 / 10

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Awareness of Risk Factors and Warning Signs of Myocardial Infarction among High - Risk Patients Who are Seeking Services in Outpatient Departments

Jeevitha P, Navya Rajeev Tiwari

Abstract: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a condition which is caused due to the accumulation of fat in the coronary arteries that can leads to myocardial cell death. The risk factors of myocardial Infarction include underlying coronary artery diseases, hypertension, smoking, Diabetes mellitus, lack of exercise, high blood cholesterol, obesity, poor diet and excessive alcohol intake. The other risk factors include cocaine, emotional stress, old age, family history and hypertension during pregnancy. The most common warning signs include chest pain or discomfort which may radiate to the shoulder, arm, back, neck or jaw. Often the pain or discomfort begins in the centre or left side of the chest, lasting for few minutes. The discomfort may get misinterpreted as heartburn. Other symptoms may include breathing difficulty, nausea, dizziness, a cold sweat or tiredness. The present study was aimed to assess the awareness of risk factors and warning signs of myocardial infarction among high - risk patients. Objectives: 1. To assess the awareness of risk factors and warning signs of Myocardial Infarction among high - risk patients seeking services in outpatient departments.2. To determine the association of awareness of Myocardial Infarction with selected demographic variables. Methods: The research design selected for this study was descriptive cross - sectional design. The study was conducted among the high - risk patients who are seeking health care services from endocrine OPD, Cardiology OPD and Medicine OPD in a selected tertiary health care centre, Bangalore. Non probability convenience sampling techniques was used in this study. The sample size was 80. Awareness regarding the risk factors and warning signs of myocardial infarction were assessed using self - structured questionnaire and the data was collected by using interview method. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean awareness score of high - risk patients regarding myocardial infarction is 14.33, the mean percentage is 71.63 % with the standard deviation of 2.867. Out of 80 samples 45% of the respondents have adequate awareness, 40% of the respondents have moderate awareness, 15 % of the respondents have inadequate awareness. As per the statistical analysis there is a significant association between the awareness of risk factors and warning signs of myocardial infarction among high - risk patients with gender (p=0.043), education (p=0.041) and habits (p=0.020). Conclusion: The study findings revealed that most of the respondents that is 45% have adequate awareness regarding the awareness of risk factors and warning signs of MI. this emphasizes the need for educating the risk factors and warning signs of myocardial infarction. This can also help to identify the symptoms in earlier stage and prevent further complications.

Keywords: Myocardial Infarction, Awareness, Risk factors and warning Signs

Edition: Volume 13 Issue 3, March 2024

Pages: 1358 - 1361

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR24321113020

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