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Research Paper | Microbiology | India | Volume 13 Issue 5, May 2024 | Rating: 5.4 / 10
Isolation, Identification and Prevalence of ESBLs Producing Gram Negative Bacilli from Urine and Exudate Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Dr. Preetha S. R. | Dr. Y. Rajani [2] | Dr. D. Lavanya | Dr. Sireesha Chava [2] | Dr. N. Padma Priya [3]
Abstract: Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses severe threat to public health as it lowers the efficacy of currently available antibiotic therapies for bacterial infections. Extended spectrum ? - lactamases are a rapidly emerging class of ? - lactamases, hydrolyze penicillin?s, aztreonam, and third - generation cephalosporins; however, clavulanic acid inhibits their activity. They are plasmid encoded, mostly produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae along with Escherichia coli, also observed in other Enterobacteriaceae family members. Simple, uncomplicated urinary tract infections to acute, perhaps fatal sepsis can be brought on by ESBL infections. Hence this study was done to isolate, identify and to study the prevalence of ESBLs producing Gram - negative bacilli from urine and exudate samples. Materials and methods: A research using prospective observation was done in the Department of Microbiology, GMC, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh from April 2023 to August 2023 with 200 clinical samples - 97 urine, 103 exudates from inpatients, after obtaining acceptance from Ethical Committee, and informed consent from the patients and samples are processed for isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing as per standard microbiological procedures. ESBL screening was performed to the pathogens which were resistant to either ceftazidime or cefotaxime disk by Double - disc diffusion test, Disc - on - disc test and Disc potentiation test according to CLSI guidelines. Results: Out of 200 clinical samples - 97 (48.5%) were urine samples and 103 (51.5%) were exudate samples. Most of the samples in total showed evidence of bacterial development, 122 (61%) of samples, of them, 92 (75.4%) were Gram negative bacilli whereas 30 (24.6%) were Gram positive organism and remaining 78 (39%) samples were culture negative. Of the total 92 Gram - negative bacilli, 62 was resistant to either cefotaxime or ceftazidime. Out of 62 resistant bacilli 12 (13.1%) ESBLs were detected. Conclusion: The current research detected low prevalence of ESBL (13.1%). As ESBL producing organisms poses a significant therapeutic challenge for hospitalized patients today, effective infection control procedure are necessary to prevent outbreaks as well as intervention tactics like antibiotic rotation to prevent the spread of hospital acquired infections.
Keywords: Gram negative bacilli (GNB), ESBL, Prevalence, Isolation, Phenotypic method
Edition: Volume 13 Issue 5, May 2024,
Pages: 50 - 56