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Narrative Review | Periodontology | India | Volume 13 Issue 7, July 2024 | Popularity: 6.2 / 10

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LL - 37 Cathelicidins and Beta Defensins in Periodontal Health and Disease

Cristal R. S., Kranti K Reddy

Abstract: Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory diseases affecting the tissues which support the teeth. Periodontitis is primarily caused by the interaction of plaque bacteria and immune responses. The host defence mechanism includes both innate and adaptive immunity. Antimicrobial peptide synthesis plays a critical role in innate defence mechanisms. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are bioactive proteins that disrupt bacterial cell membranes, influence immune response, and regulate inflammation. Antimicrobial peptides effectively treat both Gram - positive and Gram - negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Human alpha - defensins (hADs), beta - defensins (hBDs), and Cathelicidin (hCAP18/LL - 37) are key antimicrobial peptides that help maintain the periodontal pocket and combat pathogens. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to conduct a literature search on the properties and effects of cathelicidin LL ? 37 and beta ? defensins in periodontal health and disease. Review (s): The main objective of the present literature search was to evaluate the effects of cathelicidin LL ? 37 and beta ? defensins in periodontal health and disease and to review the chemical and biological properties of cathelicidins LL ? 37 and beta ? defensins in periodontal health and disease. Conclusion: A total of 21 relevant papers and clinical trials were selected, and critically analysed as their data was extracted. Reviewing of the articles concludes that there is an increase in the levels of LL ? 37 cathelicidin and human beta defensins in periodontal disease and it plays an important role in the host's innate immune response during periodontal inflammation. However, a significant drop in the amounts of LL - 37 cathelicidin and beta defensins was seen following periodontal therapy.

Keywords: LL - 37 Cathelicidins, Periodontitis, Human beta defensins

Edition: Volume 13 Issue 7, July 2024

Pages: 116 - 123

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR24701124451

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