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Review Papers | Pharmacology Science | India | Volume 13 Issue 7, July 2024 | Popularity: 6.6 / 10

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Advancements in Pulmonary Hypertension: Defining New Horizons!

Dr. Siriginedi Naga Spandana Priya, Pulagam Vaishnavi Reddy

Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a multifaceted condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, leading to right heart failure and substantial morbidity and mortality. Recent advancements in understanding its pathophysiology, diagnosing techniques, and therapeutic strategies have significantly improved patient outcomes. This review consolidates the latest developments in PH management, including updates in hemodynamic definitions, epidemiological insights, genetic factors, recent research findings, and meta-analyses. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification categorizes PH into five groups based on etiology, guiding targeted therapies that promote pulmonary vasodilation and mitigate vascular remodeling. Diagnostic approaches, such as echocardiography and cardiac MRI, complement right heart catheterization as the gold standard. Pharmacological innovations like endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, and prostacyclin analogs, either alone or in combination, have transformed treatment paradigms, enhancing survival and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions including pulmonary endarterectomy and lung transplantation provide viable options in severe cases. Genetic insights underscore the role of mutations in BMPR2 and other genes in PH pathogenesis, influencing diagnostic approaches and family counseling. Meta-analyses confirm the efficacy of combination therapies and specific pharmacotherapies in improving clinical outcomes. Updated guidelines emphasize personalized risk stratification and multidisciplinary care, integrating evolving evidence to optimize patient management. This comprehensive overview aims to equip healthcare professionals with current knowledge essential for effective PH management and patient-centered care.

Keywords: pulmonary hypertension, hemodynamic definitions, WHO classification, genetic factors, pharmacological therapies, multidisciplinary care

Edition: Volume 13 Issue 7, July 2024

Pages: 128 - 132

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/SR24701133656

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