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Review Papers | Pharmacy | India | Volume 13 Issue 2, February 2024 | Rating: 5.3 / 10
An Update on Kidney Stone: Review
Prajeet Kumar | Dakshina Gupta
Abstract: Kidney stone disease is the term for a crystalline stone that often develops within the kidneys. It is an increasingly common urological disease that affects about 12% of people worldwide. A higher risk of end - stage renal failure has been linked to it. Though there are many different types of kidney stones, calcium oxalate stones are the most prevalent kind. Renal papillary surfaces are affected by Randall's plaques. The complex process of urinary stone formation is influenced by a multitude of physicochemical processes, such as supersaturation, nucleation, development, aggregation, and retention of urinary stone components within tubular cells. These phases are impacted by an imbalance between the components that either promote or prevent urine crystallisation. Additionally, research has shown that cellular injury causes increased particle retention in kidney papillary surfaces. When oxalate comes in contact with renal epithelial cells, they initiate a series of events that result in programmed cell death through p38 mitogen - activated protein kinase pathways. At the right time, kidney stones cannot be cured, nor can they be kept from coming back. Research on the process of kidney stone formation is necessary to create new drugs for the treatment of urolithiasis. Thus, the aim of this study was to collect the latest data on the etiology, pathophysiology and preventive strategies of kidney stones.
Keywords: kidney stones, calcium oxalate, crystallisation, urolithiasis
Edition: Volume 13 Issue 2, February 2024,
Pages: 216 - 224